Many women with migraine have attacks linked to their menstrual cycles. Fluctuating estrogen levels are thought to play a role. Menstrual migraines can be more debilitating, difficult to treat, and last longer than other migraines. Migraine also may worsen in early pregnancy, but in later pregnancy, it generally improves. Migraine typically declines in frequency as women age. There is evidence that oral contraceptives or estrogen-replacement therapy can provoke or worsen migraine in some women.
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